Which term is defined as a decrease in systolic BP greater than 10 mmHg with change of position?

• A. Angina
• B. Dyspnea
• C. Orthostatic
• D. Dyspnea

Answer: (C)

Orthostatic hypotension is the drop in systolic blood pressure that occurs when you move to an upright position. When you stand, gravity pulls blood into the legs, reducing what returns to the heart. Normally the autonomic nervous system quickly boosts heart rate and constricts vessels to keep blood pressure stable. If these responses are delayed or blunted, or if there’s reduced blood volume, the systolic BP can fall significantly—often defined as a drop of about 10 mmHg or more (and commonly 20 mmHg or more, or a 10 mmHg drop with symptoms) within a few minutes of standing. This can cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or even fainting.

In rehab, recognizing orthostatic changes is important because it affects how you safely progress standing and upright activities. Monitor vitals during position changes, proceed slowly from supine to sit to stand, and ensure support and alignment to prevent falls. Address contributing factors like dehydration, medications, or autonomic dysfunction. The other terms describe chest pain or shortness of breath, not posture-related BP changes.